What Is Pelvic Pain?

Pelvic pain refers to discomfort felt in the lower part of the abdomen and can affect people of any sex. It may result from various causes, including infections, issues with the pelvic bones, vasculature or nerves, or problems in nearby organs such as the bladder or intestines. In women, pelvic pain is often linked to conditions involving the reproductive organs.

Common Symptoms

Pelvic pain may feel like pressure, cramping, or sharp pain in the lower abdomen. It can cause:

• Pain during sex, urination, or bowel movements

• Lower back pain or bloating

• Heavy or irregular periods (in women)

• Constant or recurring discomfort

Diagnosis

Doctors may use a pelvic exam, imaging tests (like ultrasound or MRI), lab work for infections, or laparoscopy to find the cause.

Treatment

Treatment depends on the cause and may include:

• Medications for pain, infection, or hormonal modulation

• Physical therapy for pelvic muscles

• Pelvic floor muscle injections

• Minimally invasive procedures to remove cysts, fibroids, or endometriosis

• Lifestyle changes such as exercise, stress management, and diet adjustments

• Surgery in severe or persistent cases

With proper care, most people can manage pelvic pain effectively and improve quality of life.